Abstract
The central oscillator for the inner clock is the suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus.
Furthermore, many peripheral oscillators are present in tissues such as skin. Human
derived fibroblasts provide an advantageous model to study circadian rhythmicity as
well as the influence of pharmacological drugs on circadian gene expression. Importantly,
the synchronization of the circadian system of fibroblasts can be done by different
methods. The review presents an overview of the current knowledge of different synchronization
methods mostly used in mice or rat fibroblasts. Furthermore, the review sums up and
discusses the role of norepinephrine as a possible synchronizer agent.
Key words
fibroblasts - circadian rhythm - synchronization